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  1. Supreme Court of India Criminal Appeal No. 1410 of 2021 (AIR2022SC13)

    Attorney General of India and Ors. v. Satish and Ors.

    Ratio

    While sexual intent under S. 8 POCSO is a question of fact, the Court is entitled to raise the presumption under S. 30 POCSO with regard to the culpable state of mind of the accused when the court is satisfied with the existence of a fact beyond reasonable doubt.

    Pincites

    Para 36-37, 42; Page 15, 17

  2. Supreme Court of India Criminal Appeal Nos. 1097-1098 of 2018 (MANU/SC/0167/2022)

    Pappu v. State of Uttar Pradesh

    Ratio

    Where foundational facts have been established, the presumption under section 29 POCSO becomes operational and the accused is bound to rebut the presumption.

    Pincites

    Para 32; Page 39 & 40.

  3. High Court of Gauhati Crl. Appeal (J) 87/2017 [MANU/GH/0220/2020]

    Bhupen Kalita v. State of Assam

    Ratio

    For the applicability of Section 29, the prosecution is required to establish foundational facts on the standard of preponderance of probability and not beyond reasonable doubt. Once prosecution has been able to establish foundational facts based on preponderance of probability then by legal presumption under Section 29 of Act it could be said that prosecution…

    Pincites

    Para 63, 66, 123; Page 24, 28, 29, 52